Theodore Roosevelt National Park
Theodore Roosevelt National Park stands as a testament to America’s conservation legacy, spanning 70,446 acres across three distinct units in the rugged badlands of western North Dakota. This unique national park holds the distinction of being the only American national park named directly after a single person.
Geography and Layout
The park consists of three geographically separated sections:
South Unit
Located near Medora, North Dakota, alongside Interstate 94, this largest unit serves as the park’s primary hub. The South Unit features a 36-mile scenic loop drive and houses the park’s headquarters.
North Unit
Situated approximately 80 miles north of the South Unit near Watford City, this section offers more remote experiences and unique wildlife viewing opportunities.
Elkhorn Ranch Unit
Positioned between the North and South units, this historic site preserves the location of Roosevelt’s personal ranch, though only the cornerstones remain.
Natural Features
The park’s landscape showcases dramatic badlands topography, carved by the Little Missouri River over thousands of years. The wilderness area covers 29,920 acres, protecting the park’s wildest sections from development.
Wildlife
The park hosts diverse wildlife populations including:
Large Mammals
- Bison herds numbering 300-400 in the South Unit and 100-300 in the North Unit
- Feral horses, unique to the South Unit
- Elk populations primarily in the South Unit
- Both mule and white-tailed deer
Other Species
- Prairie dogs in extensive towns
- Golden eagles and various raptors
- Coyotes and pronghorn
Historical Significance
Theodore Roosevelt first visited these badlands in 1883 for bison hunting. Following the tragic deaths of his wife and mother on February 14, 1884, he returned to this landscape seeking solace and adventure. His experiences here profoundly influenced his conservation policies during his presidency.
Visitor Experience
The park offers year-round access with various recreational opportunities:
Activities
- Scenic drives totaling approximately 100 miles
- Extensive hiking and horse trails
- Wildlife viewing opportunities
- Backcountry hiking and camping
Facilities
- Three developed campgrounds: Juniper, Cottonwood, and Roundup Group Horse Campground
- Visitor centers in both main units
- Museum exhibits featuring Roosevelt’s legacy
The park received 796,085 recreational visitors in 2021, making it one of the less crowded national parks, offering visitors a more intimate experience with the landscape that shaped Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation ethic.
Theodore Roosevelt National Park Website